![]() The volume Using MPI: Portable Parallel Programming with the Message-Passing Interface by William Gropp, Ewing Lusk and Anthony Skjellum is recommended as an introduction to MPI. The current version is 2.0, although 1.1 is still used. ![]() On the other hand, the standard does not specify explicit shared-memory operations, debugging facilities, explicit support for threads, I/O functions. Basically, MPI includes point-to-point communication, collective communication (over a network of processes), process groups, bindings for Fortran and C and other advanced functions. Since the data can only be shared by exchanging messages, this standard is not intended for use on shared-memory systems, like a multiprocessor computer (although it will work, it is not the primary goal and there are more powerful alternatives, for instance, OpenMP). MPI is the specification resulting from the MPI-Forum which involved several organizations designing a portable system (that can allow programs to work on a heterogeneous network). With this system, each executing process will communicate and share its data with others by sending and receiving messages. ![]() Message-passing systems are used especially on distributed machines with separate memory for executing parallel applications. MPI is a standardized and portable message-passing system. 2.6.2 Second version - Creation of communicator from a communicator.2.6.1 First version - Creation of communicator from a group.2.5.2 Second version - Completion of send and receive.2.4.2 Second version - Non-blocking send and receive.2.3.2 Second version - Scatter and gather.2.2.1 First version - User-defined type.2.1.2 Second version - Adaptiveness to the number of processes.2.1.1 First version - Basic point-to-point communications.
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